Paradols are non-pungent and biotransformed metabolites of shogaols and reduce inflammatory responses as well as oxidative stress as shogaols. Pretreatment with 6-paradol (paradol derivatives) reduced neuroinflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia by a concentration-dependent manner[3]. [6]-Paradol, a pungent phenolic compound present in certain Zingiberaceae plants, is known to have antimicrobial and analgesic activities. [6]-Paradol can attenuate promotion of skin carcinogenesis and TPA-induced ear edema in female ICR mice, and to induce apoptosis in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells[4]. Once-daily administration of 6-shogaol and 6-paradol (5 mg/kg/day, p.o.) to symptomatic EAE (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis) mice significantly alleviated clinical signs of the disease along with remyelination and reduced cell accumulation in the white matter of spinal cord[5].
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