Solasodine is a poisonous alkaloid chemical compound that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasodine has neuroprotective, antifungal, hypotensive, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, antiandrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities. Solasodine induces strong expression of the different neuronal markers studied, including βIII-tubulin, synaptophysin, MAP2, ChAT, and neuroblast marker doublecortin. Solasodine (375 μM; i.c.v.; for 2 weeks) treatment results a significant increase in bromodeoxyuridine uptake by cells of the ependymal layer, subventricular zone, and cortex that co-localized with doublecortin immunostaining[3]. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of solasodine (25 mg/kg) significantly delayed latency of hind limb tonic extensor (HLTE) phase in the PCT-induced convulsions. In the MES model, solasodine significantly reduced duration of HLTE at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, i.p. in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of solasodine (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly potentiated thiopental-provoked sleep in a dose-dependent manner[4]. CD133, CD44, Nanog, Oct-4 and Sox-2 were inhibited by solasodine to reverse stemness and similar mechanism was stimulated in vivo. Moreover, solasodine attenuated TGF-β1-induced EMT and decreased MMPs while in vivo study showed the same trend[5]. Inhibition of A549 cell invasion by solasodine may be, at least in part, through blocking MMP expression. Solasodine also reduces PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and downregulates expression of miR-21[6].
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