Oxolinic Acid is an antibiotic against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Oxolinic acid can be used for the research of acute and chronic urinary tract infections. Oxolinic acid (2-5 ug/mL) inhibits 115 strains of E. coli. Oxolinic acid (0-31 ug/mL) inhibits 94 % of the 44 strains of Proteus mirabilis. Oxolinic acid (>5 ug/mL) inhibits all strains of Strept. Faecalis[3]. Oxolinic acid reduced RNA synthesis rates whether chromosome supercoiling decreased, increased, or remained unchanged[4]. Oxolinic acid induced benign Leydig cell tumours of the testis in rats at the highest dose level tested (1000 ppm). The no-effect level for tumour induction was confirmed to be 300 ppm (10.9 mg/kg/day) in rats. None was induced in mice[5]. The in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of oxolinic acid against three strains of Vibrio anguillarum isolated from diseased cod were 0.016 microg mL(-1) (HI-610), 0.250 microg mL(-1) (HI-618) and 0.250 microg mL(-1) (HI-A21)[6]. Oxolinic acid induces Leydig cell tumors in rats by chronically stimulating the release of LH (luteinizing hormone) from the pituitary[7].
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