Adenine (6-Aminopurine), a purine, is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of DNA, with the other three being cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). Adenine plays an important role in biochemistry, including cellular respiration and protein synethesis. Rats were treated with adenine sulfate for three weeks after coronary ligation. Adenine sulfate reversed MI-induced reduction of mean artery pressure and left ventricular systolic pressure and elevation of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. Moreover, adenine sulfate also increased nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. The amelioration was accompanied by a reversal of the infarction-induced reduction of cholinesterase-positive nerves and M(2)-receptor expression and B(max) in the adenine sulfate high dose group. Meanwhile, adenine sulfate treatment corrected the disorder of cardiac redox state by reduction in maleic dialdehyde and increase in superoxide dismutase[3]. In intestinal epithelial cells, adenine significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α-induced interleukin-8 secretion. Adenine (5, 10, and 50 mg/kg BW/day) was administered orally for 14 days to female BALB/c mice, and then 5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was given to induce colitis. Adenine (5 mg/kg BW/day) significantly prevented DSS-induced colon shortening, expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histological damage in the colon[4].
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