Nicotiflorin, a natural product isolated and purified from the herb of Carthamus tinctorius L., has protective effects on reducing memory dysfunction, energy metabolism failure and oxidative stress in multi-infarct dementia model rats.
Nicotiflorin is a single component extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Flos Carthami. At doses of 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg, nicotiflorin administered immediately after the onset of ischemia markedly reduced brain infarct volume and neurological deficits. For primarily cultured neurons suffered 2 h hypoxia followed by 24 h reoxygenation, nicotiflorin significantly attenuated cell death and reduced LDH release[3]. In vivo, nicotiflorin treatment alleviated brain damage and neurological deficit while it dramatically increased 72 h survival rate in rats. In vitro, nicotiflorin treatment also ameliorated the severity of OGD/R(oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction). In vitro, nicotiflorin likewise enhanced autophagy and promoted autophagy flux[4]. Nicotiflorin (10 mg/kg) protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced apoptosis via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway[5]. Nicotiflorin and rutin showed neuroprotective effects on hypoxia-, glutamate- or oxidative stress-induced RGC (retinal ganglion cell) death at concentrations of 1 nM or higher[6].
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