Ginsenoside Rh1, a protopanaxatriol type ginsenoside. Ginsenoside Rh1 exhibits potent biological activities such as antistress, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Ginsenoside Rh1 might be useful in the treatment of sepsis by targeting HMGB1(High mobility group box 1) [3]. Ginsenoside Rh1 decreased the expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)-α, fatty acid synthase, and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein. Oral administration of ginsenoside Rh1 (20 mg/kg) suppressed body and epididymal fat weight gains and plasma triglyceride level in DIO (high fat diet-induced obesity) mice[4]. Ginsenoside Rh1 was not toxic to CRC cells at various concentrations (0, 50 or 100 µM) and treatment durations (24 or 48 h). However, cell proliferation was suppressed by Rh1 in a dose-dependent manner. Rh1 (100 µM) significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion in vitro[5]. Ginsenoside Rh1 is able to upregulate glucocorticoid receptor (GR) level, suggesting Rh1 may improve glucocorticoid efficacy in hormone-dependent diseases[6].
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