Eupatilin is an activiator of PPARα. It is a lipohilic flavonoid extracted from artemisia species with antioxidant, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory activities.
Eupatilin (5,7-dihydroxy-3',4',6-trimethoxyflavone) is the main lipophilic flavonoid obtained from the Artemisia species. Eupatilin has been reported to have anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Eupatilin increases transcriptional activity and expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in a keratinocyte cell line and acts as an agonist of PPARα. PPARα agonists ameliorate atopic dermatitis (AD) and restore the skin barrier function. Eupatilin (10, 30, 100 μM) suppresses IL-4 expression and degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells[3]. Eupatilin inhibits TNFα(tumor necrosis factor-alpha)-induced MMP-2/-9 expression by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK⁄AP-1 pathways via PPARα[4]. Eupatilin protected against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis through the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in ARPE-19 cells[5]. Eupatilin can inhibit IL-1β-induced apoptosis via sestrin2-dependent autophagy in chondrocytes[6]. Eupatilin alleviated LPS(lipopolysaccharide)-induced ALI (acute lung injury) through inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress in a concentration-dependent way, which was likely to be closely related with the activation of PPAR-alpha[7].
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