Astragalin (kaempferol-3-O-glucoside) is a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory activity and newly found in persimmon leaves and green tea seeds. When airway epithelial cells were exposed to 2 μg/ml LPS, astragalin nontoxic at ≤ 20 μM suppressed cellular induction of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and ROS production enhanced by LPS. Astragalin ameliorated oxidative stress-associated epithelial eosinophilia and apoptosis through disturbing TLR4-PKCβ2-NADPH oxidase-responsive signaling[3]. AG (Astragalin) treatment reduced weight loss and the disease activity index (DAI), prevented colon shortening and alleviated colonic tissue damage. AG treatment reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and related mRNAs (such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), inhibited colonic infiltration by macrophages and neutrophils, ameliorated metabolic endotoxemia, and improved intestinal mucosal barrier function (increased expression levels of mRNAs such as ZO-1, occludin, and Muc2)[4]. Astragalin exerted an anti-inflammatory effect through NF-κB pathway inhibition and attenuated murine colitis[5]. Astragalin exerts anti-inflammatory properties possibly via the inactivation of TLR4-mediated NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated mMECs (mouse mammary epithelial cells)[6].
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