Dehydrocostus Lactone is a major sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the roots of Saussurea lappa. Dehydrocostus Lactone a naturally occuring sesquiterpene lactone in the roots of Saussurea lappa with anti-inflammatory activity[3]. Dehydrocostus lactone) isolated from the medicinal plant, Saussurea lappa, inhibited the production of NO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells by suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme expression. This compound also decreased the TNF-alpha level in LPS-activated systems in vitro and in vivo[4]. DHCL (Dehydrocostus Lactone) promoted apoptosis with increased activation of caspases 8, 9, 7, 3, enhanced PARP cleavage, decreased Bcl-xL expression and increased levels of Bax, Bak, Bok, Bik, Bmf, and t-Bid[5]. DHL (Dehydrocostus Lactone) inhibited LPS-induced production of proinflammatory mediators such as iNOS, NO, and cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-12 p35 by suppressing the activity of NF-κB via p38 MAPK/MK2 and Akt signaling pathway in macrophages. DHL significantly attenuated LPS-induced pathological injury and reduced cytokines expression in the lung in vivo[6]. Dehydrocostus lactone can suppress the proliferation of K562 cells and induce the apoptosis of K562 cells through BCR/ABL-STAT signaling pathways[7]. DHC protected against ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss in mice and the protective effect was mediated at least in part through the attenuation of NF-κB signaling pathway[8].
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