Microcrystallinecellulose是一种常见的药物辅料，主要用作片剂和胶囊剂的稀释剂、崩解剂和稳定剂。

Ethylparaben, a natural product isolated and purified from the male melon fly Dacus cucurbitae, is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, used as an antifungal preservative.

Potassium sorbate是一种广泛使用的食品防腐剂，能有效抑制霉菌、酵母和某些细菌的生长。它在食品和饮料中保持新鲜度和安全性。

Propylparaben, the n-propyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, occurs as a natural substance found in many plants and some insects

γ-Cyclodextrin is an endogenous metabolite.

β-环糊精（β-Cyclodextrin），简称β-CD，为白色结晶性粉末，是一种水溶性环状低聚糖，由7个葡萄糖单元通过α-1,4-糖苷键连接而成。具有“内疏水、外亲水”的刚性锥形空腔结构，分子内腔可以与多种疏水性分子形成非共价的包合物，这种包合作用可以增加客体分子在水中的溶解度，提高其稳定性。

Carbomer是一类合成的高分子聚合物，主要作为增稠剂、凝胶基质和稳定剂。Carbomer 常用于眼科润滑剂、皮肤护理产品、口腔凝胶和药物载体中。通过与水结合形成的凝胶，Carbomer 可以改善局部药物递送，使药物在给药部位保持更长时间，从而提高药效。

Aspartame is an artificial non-saccharide sweetener used as a sugar substitute in some foods and beverages. It is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide.

Hypromellose is a water-soluble hydrophilic, non-ionic cellulose ether used to form swellable-soluble matrices.

Colfosceril palmitate is a drug used as a pulmonary surfactant. It is also a key conponent of LNP as an effective delivery vehicle of mRNA.

Acesulfame potassium is a non-nutritive sweetener.

Gum Arabic is a natural gum consisting of the hardened sap of various species of the acacia tree. It is widely used in biological research, also can be used as a safe dietary fiberas and stabilizer in the food industry.

Methyl-β-cyclodextrin是一种环状七糖，，易溶于水，形成稳定的水合物。对非极性物质有增溶作用，可以作为疏水性化合物的增溶剂。它还被广泛用作胆固醇消耗试剂，显著减少网格蛋白依赖性内吞作用并阻止细胞迁移体的形成。

Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals, and its importance in fundamental cellular processes is becoming more appreciated.

an activator of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signaling pathway