Induction of phase 2 response is a powerful and highly efficient strategy for protection against the continual damaging effects of reactive oxygen intermediates and electrophiles, both of which participate in the pathogenesis of cancer and many other chronic diseases. NAD(P)H-quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), a Phase 2 enzyme, catalyzes diverse reactions that collectively result in broad protection against electrophiles and oxidant[1]. 2-HBA (Bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)acetone), a curcumin analog, induced NQO1 in a concentration-dependent manner with a CD value of 0.15 mM. Treatment with 2-HBA caused cell cycle arrest and apoptosis (caspase-3 and caspase-10) in both murine leukemia cell line L1210 wild type cells and their Y8 drug-resistant counterparts in a concentration-dependent manner[2]. Also, 2-HBA at 0.25 – 4 μM dose-dependently induced the Nrf2 signaling pathway in HBE cells by blocking ubiquitylation. In A/J mice with lung adenocarcinoma, intraperitoneal injections of BHBA (20 mg/kg) twice over a 3-day period reduced the internal tumor number to nearly 50% compared with the corn oil control [3].
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