Dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzyl adenosine-3',5' cyclic monophosphate (DMNB) is a metabolically active, photolabile cyclic AMP analog that yields free cyclic AMP upon UV hydrolysis. The analog is useful in that it permits short term, transient elevations of intracellular cyclic AMP. Addition of DMNB (1-10 microM) to mouse mammary epithelial cells, followed by UV irradiation of cells, caused a significant increase in DNA synthesis over that observed with controls, UV irradiation alone or DMNB alone[2]. HA-DMNB (hyaluronan) is more resistant to hyaluronidase than HA, and HA-DMNB could release free carboxyl groups of HA upon ultraviolet to bond with H2O. More importantly, HA-DMNB was protective against UV light[3]. Moreover, a photocaged derivative (HP-DMNB) of HP (Heparin) was synthesized for light control of its anticoagulant activity. The synthesized HP-DMNB was characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis, which confirmed the successful modification of HP with the photocleavable 4,5-dimethoxyl-2-nitrobenzyl (DMNB) groups. After the modification, the molecular weight of HP-DMNB (DS = 0.34%) changed from 61 to 71 kDa. Anticoagulant activity analysis showed that HP-DMNB had a reduced anticoagulant capacity compared with commercial HP, while its anticoagulant activity will regain after releasing the free carboxyl groups of HP under UV light[4].
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