Moreover, a high dose of stavudine (500 mg/kg, administered daily in liquid form for two weeks) has been shown to cause rapid fat depletion and mild liver damage in male RjOrl Swiss mice^[5].

In laboratory experiments with THP-1 derived macrophages, stavudine at a concentration of 50 μM significantly lowers the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome gene, reduces IL-18 production, and decreases IL-1β production stimulated by Aβ 42^[3].

Additionally, at the same concentration, stavudine impedes the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex and reduces macrophage phagocytosis of Aβ 42^[3].

When administered to CEM cells at 10 μM for either 7 or 14 days, stavudine notably induces apoptosis, particularly after 14 days, and raises hydrogen peroxide levels^[4].