Notoginsenoside R1, the main bioactive component isolated and purified from the roots of Panax notoginseng (Burk.)F.H.Chen, is reported to have some neuronal protective, antihypertensive effects.
Notoginsenoside R1 (NR1), the main bioactive component in panaxnotoginseng, is reported to have some neuronal protective, antihypertensive effects. NR1 significantly reduce blood pressure in SHR (spontaneously hypertensive rats) and induce nitric oxide (NO) generation through increasing the phosphorylation of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) [3]. R1 is a novel cardioprotective agent that can attenuate adverse cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy, and associated disorders, such as fibrosis. R1-supressed cardiac dysfunction, atherosclerotic lesions, and inflammatory cytokine accumulation in the myocardium can be partially inhibited by CCR2 (CC chemokine receptor 2) translation in bone marrow cells[4]. In addition, retinal vascular degeneration, reduced retinal thickness, and impaired retinal function in db/db mice were all dramatically attenuated by oral treatment with NGR1 (30 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. NGR1 pretreatment also significantly inhibited apoptosis, markedly suppressed the VEGF expression, markedly increased PEDF expression and markedly inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation in rat retinal Müller cells (rMC-1) subjected to high glucose (HG) and in the retinas of db/db mice[5].
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