Miglitol is an alpha glucosidase inhibitor which delays intestinal absorption of carbohydrates and is used as an adjunctive therapy in the management of type 2 diabetes[3]. Miglitol is an oral anti-diabetic drug that acts by inhibiting the ability of the patient to breakdown complex carbohydrates into glucose. The administration of miglitol significantly decreased the levels of plasma glucose, glycoalbumin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and elevated the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level in fatty rats[4]. Miglitol appears to safely ameliorate NASH (steatohepatitis) activity by attenuation of steatosis and lobular/portal inflammation[5]. In the intestine, miglitol treatment significantly suppressed the mRNA expression of apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter and ATP-binding cassette transporter G5 and G8. In fecal microbiome, the prevalence of prevotella was remarkably reduced and that of clostridium subcluster XIVa was increased by miglitol[6]. Long-term miglitol treatment dose-dependently prevented diet-induced obesity and induced mitochondrial gene expression in brown adipose tissue. Miglitol effectively stimulated energy expenditure in mice fed a high-fat high-monocarbohydrate diet, and intraperitoneal injection of miglitol was sufficient to stimulate energy expenditure in mice[7]. Moreover, miglitol can protect against age-dependent weight gain[8].
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