Luminol is a chemical with chemiluminescence property, soluble in most polar organic solvents, insoluble in water. When mixed with an appropriate oxidizing agent, it emits a blue glow.
Luminol is a major probe for chemiluminescence (CL) and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection technologies in (bio)analysis. LCL (luminol chemiluminescence) is a very useful detection method due to its selectivity, simplicity, low cost, and high sensitivity. LCL has a dynamic range of applications, including quantification and detection of macro and micromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, DNA, and RNA. Luminol-based methods are used in environmental monitoring as biosensors, in the pharmaceutical industry for cellular localization and as biological tracers, and in reporter gene-based assays and several other immunoassays[1]. Moreover, a significant peak in chemiluminescence production in a particle-free system occurs between 5 and 15 min following exposure of cells to micromolar concentrations of luminol. The response is directly related to dose over a wide rane of luminol concentrations and can be inhibited by superoxide dismutase (90%), catalase (100%) and sodium azide (40%). The effect of luminol eliciting a peak in neutrophil chemiluminescence is mediated within intact cells rather than at the cell membrane. Luminol may produce a peak in chemiluminescence by stimulating very low levels of hexose monophosphate shunt activity and superoxide generation or it may simply amplify light production generated by the production of excited oxygen radicals resulting from surface interactions[2].
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