ISX-9 (Isoxazole 9) strongly induces differentiation in adult neural stem cells, activating Ca2+ influx via voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and NMDA receptors, and elevates neuroD expression. Additionally, ISX-9 promotes cardiomyogenic differentiation in Notch-activated epicardium-derived cells (NECs)[1][2][3]. ISX-9 (Isoxazole 9) effectively promotes differentiation in adult neural stem cells. It initiates Ca2+ influx via voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and NMDA receptors, enhancing neuroD expression. Additionally, ISX-9 triggers cardiomyogenic differentiation in Notch-activated epicardium-derived cells (NECs)[1][2][3]. In vitro, ISX-9 stimulates neurogenesis in vivo by increasing both the proliferation and differentiation of neuroblasts in the hippocampal subgranular zone (SGZ) and the dendritic branching of neurons generated in the adult dentate gyrus. Between concentrations of 2.5-20 μM, ISX-9 is demonstrated to induce neurogenesis and inhibit gliogenesis in adult rat hippocampal stem cells via a calcium-activated signaling pathway that relies on gene expression regulated by myocyte-enhancer factor 2[1]. Molecular exploration of the regulation of ISX-9-induced neurogenesis (by flow cytometry and SGZ stem and progenitor cell microarrays) revealed the involvement of the myocyte enhancer protein family (MEF2) [1]. In vivo: Treatment with ISX-9 (20 mg/kg; for 12 days; mice) enhances hippocampal function. ISX-9 improves spatial memory performance in the Morris water maze test. ISX-9 boosts hippocampal neurogenesis and memory in vivo, with its effects depending on Mef2[1].
体内研究
ISX-9 treatment (20 mg/kg; for 12 days; mice) enhances hippocampal function, improving spatial memory in the Morris water maze test. ISX-9 boosts hippocampal neurogenesis and memory in vivo, with its effects dependent on Mef2[1].
EVs derived from CPCISX-9 reversed cardiac remodeling in infarcted mice [1].
体外研究
ISX-9 (20 μM; for 7 days) induces the generation of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)[1].
ISX-9 (20 μM) triggers CPCs to release extracellular vesicles (EV)[1].
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