Cromolyn is a mast cell stabilizer and is approved for treatment of asthma and for other allergic indications. The direct effect of cromolyn on HMC3 microglia is on cytokines and chemokines production following their activation by the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Cromolyn and a new fluorinated analog dramatically reduced the secretion of a wide spectrum of inflammatory mediators, which included cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IFN-γ, and chemokines such as CXCL10, CCL2, CCL3 and CCL4[3]. Cromolyn (100 µM) can effectively inhibit secretion of histamine and PGD(2). Cromolyn also inhibit histamine, leukotrienes and PGD(2) from primary human cord blood-derived cultured mast cells (hCBMCs) stimulated by IgE/Anti-IgE[4]. Cromolyn and nedocromil eliminated voltage-dependent Ca2+ currents, leading to a reduction in depolarization-evoked K+ currents. Cromolyn (but not nedocromil) at high concentrations suppressed Ca2+-dependent Cl- currents triggered by acetylcholine[5]. Moreover, the cromolyn-mediated improvement of intestinal permeability is associated with enhanced pig performance after weaning[6].
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