Diacetyl Monoxime is an inhibitor of skeletal muscle myosin-II.
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Diacetyl monoxime (DAM) is a negative inotropic agent. DAM (0.2-20 mM) inhibited the contractile force in both normal and 22 mM KCl-depolarized (in presence of 10-6 M isoproterenol) guinea-pig papillary muscles in a concentration-dependent manner. In general, there was a lack of major effects of DAM on sarcolemmal electrical properties. The fast action potentials were somewhat depressed and the slow action potentials were slightly enhanced[1]. In chemically skinned pig ventricular muscles, the myofibrillar contraction induced in 6.25 pCa was inhibited by DAM in a similar concentration range. Chemical uncouplers diacetyl monoxime (DAM) and cytochalasin D (cyto-D) are used to abolish cardiac contractions in optical studies, yet alter intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+](i)) handling and vulnerability to arrhythmias in a species-dependent manner[2]. In the indirectly stimulated rat diaphragm, diacetyl monoxime decreased the height of a single twitch, but a tetanus was well sustained. Diacetyl monoxime reduced the response to direct stimulation of both the rat diaphragm and cat muscles. Diacetyl monoxime injected intra-arterially in the cat elicited a transient hypertension and a gasp. Diacetyl monoxime did not reverse the neuromuscular block caused by anticholinesterases either in isolated rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparations or in cats[3].
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