Further research indicates that Tetraethylammonium at concentrations of 1 mM, 3 mM, and 5 mM significantly enhances the amplitude and frequency of contractility in the colon and rectum of rats, both in longitudinal and circular directions. It was also found that Tetraethylammonium at 5 mM and 15 mM does not affect the histology of the colon and rectum when administered locally into the colon lumen from the anus for 10 days^[2].

In studies involving C6 and 9L glioma cells, treatment with Tetraethylammonium chloride ranging from 0.2 to 60 mM over 24 to 72 hours inhibits cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner^[1].

At a concentration of 40 mM applied over 24 to 72 hours, this treatment significantly increases apoptosis in these cells^[1].

Additionally, the same treatment at 40 mM for 12 to 48 hours significantly elevates the Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio, indicating an increase in pro-apoptotic signaling in a time-dependent manner^[1].

The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) is increased in C6 and 9L cells with the addition of 20 and 40 mM Tetraethylammonium^[1].