Quinine HCl, a natural white crystalline alkaloid, is a K+ channel blocker with antipyretic (fever-reducing), antimalarial, analgesic (painkilling), anti-inflammatory properties.
Quinine Hydrochloride Dihydrate is a natural white crystalline alkaloid having antipyretic (fever-reducing), antimalarial, analgesic (painkilling), anti-inflammatory properties and a bitter taste. In patients with cerebral malaria receiving the standard dose of 10 mg/kg every eight hours, plasma quinine concentrations consistently exceeded 10 mg/liter, reaching a peak 60 +/- 25 hours (mean +/- 1 S.D.) after treatment was begun and then declining[3]. All field isolates exhibited higher IC50 values of CQ (chloroquine diphosphate), quinine hydrochloride dihydrate and DHA (dihydro-artemisinin) compared to reference strains. The resistance index of field isolates with respect to 3D7 ranged between 260.55 and 403.78 to CQ, 39.83 and 46.42 to quinine, and 2.98 and 4.16 to DHA[4]. In a multilevel Poisson regression model adjusted for sex, age, ADL(activities of daily living), smoking status, drinking status, number of medications used, use of medication for hypertension and diabetes and flow rate of saliva, subjects with low sensitivity (>0·003% quinine hydrochloride dihydrate) to bitter taste had a significant 1·70 times higher prevalence ratio (95% confident interval 1·04-2·80) for underweight compared with those with high sensitivity (0·0001% quinine hydrochloride dihydrate) [5].
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