Spinosin is a C-glycoside flavonoid isolated from the seeds of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa. Spinosin (10 or 20mg/kg, p.o.) significantly ameliorated scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in these behavioral tasks with a prolonged latency time in the passive avoidance task, an increased percentage of spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze task and a lengthened swimming time in target quadrant in the Morris water maze task. In addition, spinosin significantly increased the expression levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases and cAMP response element-binding proteins in the hippocampus[3]. Spinosin reduced Aβ1-42 production by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in N2a/WT (Wild type mouse Neuro-2a cells) and N2a/ APP695 cells[4]. Spinosin improves synaptic function in the AD hippocampus by regulating plasmin activity[5].
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