Solamargine, a derivative from the steroidal solasodine in Solanum species, exhibits anticancer activities in numerous types of cancer[3]. Solamargine inhibited the progression of GC (gastric cancer) by regulating lncNeat1_2 via the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway[4]. Solamargine reduced HepG2 cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. At 7.5μM solamargine decreased cell viability by less than 20% in HepG2 cells. A wound healing migration assay and Boyden chamber invasion assay showed that solamargine significantly inhibited in vitro migration and invasion of HepG2 cells. At the highest dose, solamargine decreased cell migration and invasion by more than 70% and 72% in HepG2 cells, respectively. Solamargine significantly inhibits migration and invasion of HepG2 cells by down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and activity[5]. Solamargine (15 μg/ml; 72 hours) predominantly stimulates the cells of the G2/M phase to apoptosis. Solamargine (72 hours) dramatically inhibits the proliferation of SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The IC50s are 9.21 and 19.88 μg/ml, respectively[6]. Solamargine activates the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway in U2OS cells via both p53 transcription-dependent and -independent mechanisms[7]. Solamargine inhibited the viability of QBC939 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, solamargine significantly induced the apoptosis of QBC939 cells and altered the mitochondrial membrane potential of cells[8].
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