Physcion, is an anthraquinone isolated and purified from roots of Rheum officinale Baill, acts as an inhibitor of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, with an IC50 and a Kd of 38.5 μM and 26.0 μM, respectively[3]. Treatment with physcion (5, 10, and 20 μmol/L) dose-dependently suppressed the cell viability and colony formation in CNE2 cells. Physcion (10 and 20 μmol/L) dose-dependently blocked cell cycle progression at G1 phase and induced both caspase-dependent apoptosis and autophagy in CNE2 cells. In the xenograft murine model, administration of physcion dose-dependently suppressed the tumor growth without affecting the body weight[4]. Physcion application caused reduced lipogenesis and alleviated inflammation in alcohol-induced mice. And the circadian misalignment triggered by ethanol was efficiently reversed by physcion. Physcion attenuated lipogenesis via reprogramming the circadian clock in HepG2 cells[5]. Oral administration of physcion improved the severity of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced AD-like lesional skin through reducing infiltration of inflammatory cells and mast cells, and the protein and mRNA levels of TSLP, IL-4, and IL-6 in the lesional skin tissues[6]. Physcion prevents Hcy-induced endothelial dysfunction by activating Ca2+- and Akt-eNOS-NO signaling pathways[7].
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