The HIV-1 protease belongs to the family of aspartyl protease. It cleaves the newly synthesized polyproteins,which is the vital step to create the mature protein components of an infectious HIV-1 virus[3].Limonin s a natural tetracyclic triterpenoid compound, it inhibits HIV-1 replication in culturedf mon-cytes, macrophages, and mononuclear cells ,by inhibition of HIV-1 protease activity.[4]. Limonin can effectively inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) (EC50 = 60.0 µM) in a dose-dependent manner, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of HIV-1 protease activity.[4]. the HIV-1 gag expression was completely inhibited by limonin with a concentration of 1 µg/mL. Hence, limonin had effective antiretroviral activity against HTLV-1 and HIV-1 infection i in vitro .[5].Limonin (50 mg/kg) has excellent antioxidant and therapeutic effects on N-nitroethylenediamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinoma rats by suppressing lipid peroxidation (LPO) and oxidative stress-mediated free radicals generation, and through modulating antioxidants’ defense mechanism[6]. Limonin significantly decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-1β and IL-6), and inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury mice[7].
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