5'-GMP is a nucleotide involving RNA synthesis. It can be used to study modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission. guanosine-5'-monophosphate (GMP)(5'-GMP) or guanosine (GUO), promote the reorganization of extracellular matrix proteins in astrocytes, and increase the number of neurons in a neuron-astrocyte co-culture protocol[1]. Guanosine-5'-monophosphate (GMP) is shown to be neuroprotective against glutamate- or oxygen/glucose deprivation-induced neurotoxicity and also against NMDA-induced apoptosis in hippocampal slices. High extracellular GMP concentrations (5mM) reduced cell viability in hippocampal brain slices. GMP (5mM) induced a decrease in glutamate uptake into hippocampal slices, which was reversed by dl-TBOA. GMP-induced hippocampal cell damage involves activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors and inhibition of glutamate transporters activity[2]. The administration of 25 and 50mg/kg GMP was able to promote anxiolytic-like behavior, in the light/dark and elevated plus-maze task, similar to diazepam effect. Acute administration of GMP was able to decrease the levels of anxiety in classical behavioral tasks[3].
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