Isonicotinamide (pyridine-4-carboxamide) is the amide form of isonicotinic acid. It is an isomer of nicotinamide, which has the carboxamide group in the 3-position. It promoted DNA damage by iron.
Isonicotinamide, which is a derivative of nicotinamide and does not inhibit Sirt1, on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in mice. Isonicotinamide effectively prevented hyperglycemia induced by higher doses of STZ (streptozotocin) (75 and 100mg/kg BW) alone and low-dose STZ (65 mg/kg BW) followed by 6-week high-fat diet in mice. The protective effects of isonicotinamide were associated with decreased apoptosis of β-cells and reductions in both insulin content and insulin-positive area in the pancreas of STZ-administered mice. In addition, isonicotinamide inhibited STZ-induced apoptosis in cultured isolated islets. Isonicotinamide exerts anti-diabetogenic effects by preventing β-cell damage after STZ administration[2]. Only N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide 1 is found to be an efficient hydrogelator with a minimum gelator concentration of 0.37 wt %. A wide range of concentrations (0.37-20 wt %) could be used to form hydrogels[3].
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