Dihydrochelerythrine is a natural compound isolated from the leaves of Macleaya microcarpa, and has antifungal activity. Dihydrochelerythrine showed the highest antifungal activity against B. cinerea Pers, with 98.32% mycelial growth inhibition at 50 μg/mL. Dihydrochelerythrine inhibited spore germination in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner[3]. Dihydrochelerythrine exhibited strong activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SK1 and moderate activity against Escherichia coli TISTR 780 with MIC values of 8 and 16 μg/mL, respectively[4]. After 4h of treatment, chelerythrine induced a dose-dependent decrease in the cell viability (human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells) with IC50 of 2.6 microM as shown by MTT reduction assay. Dihydrochelerythrine can affect cell cycle distribution, activate mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and induce apoptosis and necrosis in HL-60 cells[5].
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