Danicopan is selective and orally active small-molecule factor D inhibitor, shows high binding affinity to human Factor D with Kd value of 0.54 nM. It has potential to block the alternative pathway of complement in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS).
The complement system provides an important defense against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Complement factor D (CFD) is a specific serine protease that cleaves its unique substrate and is a promising therapeutic target to treat paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). Danicopan (ACH-4471) is selective and orally active small-molecule factor D inhibitor, shows high binding affinity to human Factor D with Kd value of 0.54 nM. ACH-4471 potently inhibited hemolysis with IC50 values ranging from 0.0040 μM to 0.027 μM, and blocked the APC-mediated killing by aHUS patient sera at sub-micromolar concentrations, which indicates ACH-4471 has the potential as oral therapeutics for human diseases driven by the alternative pathway of complement, including aHUS[1]. In a second study in PNH patients with poor response to eculizumab (defined as the need of red blood cell transfusion), ACH-4471 was given as add-on treatment on top of standard eculizumab at three different doses (100, 150, or 200 mg thrice a day)[2].
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