Furthermore, a one-time intraperitoneal injection of chlorhexidine gluconate at concentrations of 0.05% and 0.025%, followed by a 0.05% lavage, significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal abscesses in mice compared to those that received only a saline lavage^[1].

In experiments involving CHO cells, chlorhexidine digluconate concentrations of 0.00001%, 0.00005%, 0.0001%, and 0.0005% demonstrated cytotoxic effects over durations ranging from 1 to 4 hours. This compound reduced dehydrogenase activity in CHO cells in both a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner^[2].

Specifically, chlorhexidine digluconate at concentrations of 0.00005%, 0.0001%, and 0.0005% for 1 hour resulted in apoptosis rates of approximately 1.62%, 5.51%, and 5.47%, respectively. The rates of cell necrosis were 2.38%, 8.62%, and 22.50%, respectively^[2].