(-)-Alkannin是一种从紫草（Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc.）根部分离纯化的天然产物，能够通过 TLR2 或 NF-κB 介导的途径抑制 MGC-803 细胞的细胞活力、粘附、侵袭和迁移能力。

β,β-Dimethylacrylshikonin是一种从紫草中提取的萘醌衍生物，能够通过 PI3K 通路诱导 eNOS、VEGF 和 HIF-1α 的表达，从而促进血管生成。

β-Hydroxyisovalerylshikonin是从Lithospermum erythrorhizon中分离出的一种天然产物，作为有效的PTK抑制剂，针对EGFR和v-Src的IC₅₀值分别为0.7 μM和1 μM，能显著抑制多种肿瘤细胞系的增殖，并诱导肿瘤细胞死亡。

Deoxyshikonin通过 PI3K/Akt/mTOR 通路抑制结直肠癌 (CRC)。它具有促血管生成和抗肿瘤效果，并对金黄色葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 和肺炎链球菌表现出抗菌活性（MIC=17 μg/mL）。

(Rac)-Shikonin是一种天然产物，具有强效的抗肿瘤活性，能够绕过癌症耐药性。

Acetylshikonin是一种从紫草（Lithosperraum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc.）根中分离纯化的天然产物，它抑制中性粒细胞激活过程中的 NADPH 氧化酶复合体生成，但不会直接抑制已生成的 NADPH 氧化酶活性，同时也是一种非选择性细胞色素 P450 抑制剂。

beta,beta-Dimethylacrylalkannin, a natural product isolated and purified from the roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon with radical scavenging activity, can be potential therapeutics against tumor cell growth because of its unique DNA damaging abilities additional to enzyme inhibition similar to those of doxorubicin, shows remarkable cytotoxic activity against HT-29, MDA-MB-231 and PC-3 cell lines, comparable or stronger than the other compounds and positive control CPT-11 (CAMPTOSTAR®, irinotecan) with IC50 values in between 0.1uM and 1uM and it has great potential as topo I inhibitors compared to other compounds and CPT-11, with 2-3uM inhibition value, and exhibits inhibitory activities on PTP1B with IC50 values of 0.36±0.08 μMol·L-1.

Lithospermic acid是一种从紫草（Lithospermum ruderale）根部分离的天然产物，具有抗 HIV、抗促性腺激素和抗甲状腺功能的作用，是一种强心剂。

Lithospermoside是一种从半戟根（Semiaquilegia adoxoides）中提取的天然产物，具有抗氧化和抗肿瘤促进活性。

Shikonofuran A is a natural product isolated and purified from the roots of Lithosperraum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc..

Isobutylshikonin is found in roots of lithosperraum erythrorhizon sieb. et Zucc. which exhibits obvious antioxidant activities.