Pedunculoside, a natural product isolated and purified from the barks of Ilex rotunda Thunb., has antiinflammation, heat-clearing, detoxifying, dehumidification, and odynolysis activities.

Rutundic acid, a natural product isolated and purified from the leaves of Ilex pubescens Hook. et Arn. with antitumor activity, exhibits potent tumor cell growth inhibiting property against Hela, A375, HepG2 , NCI-H446, and SPC-A1.

Ilexgenin A是从海南冬青中提取的一种五环三萜类化合物，具有抗炎和抗癌作用，适用于相关疾病的研究。

Acetylursolic acid is a natural product isolated and purified from the herbs of Ilex paraguariensis with cytotoxic, antimalarial, antitumor and NO production inhibitory activities. Acetylursolic acid has inhibition against both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes.