Silydianin是Silybium marianum的活性成分，具有抗胶原酶、抗肿瘤和抗弹性蛋白酶等活性，Silydianin也是一种天然蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B (protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, PTP1B)抑制剂

Isosilybin is a flavonoid from milk thistle. It can inhibit CYP3A4 induction with an IC50 of 74 μM.

Silychristin, a natural product isolated and purified from the herbs of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., is a plant growth regulator, an anti-hepatotoxic agent, and an inhibitor of horseradish peroxidases and lipoxygenase.

Isosilybin A 是从 silymarin 中分离出的黄酮木脂素，具有抗前列腺癌 (PCA) 活性。它通过靶向 Akt-NF-κB-androgen receptor (AR) 轴来抑制癌细胞增殖并诱导 G1 期停滞和凋亡。