Rubiadin, a natural product isolated and purified from the roots of Rubia cordifolia with hepatoprotective effects against carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced hepatic damage in rats and potent antioxidant property, can prevent lipid peroxidation induced by FeSO4 and t-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP) in a dose dependent manner, and decrease bone loss through the inhibition of osteoclast formation, differentiation and bone resorption.

Mollugin, a natural product isolated and purified from the roots of Rubia cordifolia L., may be a JAK2 inhibitor and inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by blocking the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway.

Furomollugin is a natural product isolated and purified from the roots of Rubia cordifolia L. with antiviral activity, can strongly suppress the secretion of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), with IC50 of 2.0 mg/mL, in human hepatoma Hep3B cells.

Rubioncolin C is a natural product isolated and purified from plants.

Purpurin, a natural product isolated and purified from the herbs of Rubia cordifolia L. with antifungal activity, suppresses C. albicans morphogenesis and causes distorted biofilm formation, and is a specific inhibitor of Adipocyte-derived leucine aminopeptidase and could be developed as an anti-angiogenic agent.

6-Hydroxyrubiadin is a natural product isolated and purified from the roots of Rubia cordifolia L..

Rubianthraquinone is a natural product isolated and purified from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.