Arbidol (ARB) is a Russian-made small indole-derivative molecule, treatment of influenza and other respiratory viral infections. It also demonstrates inhibitory activity against other viruses, enveloped or not, responsible for emerging or globally prevalent infectious diseases such as hepatitis B and C, gastroenteritis, hemorrhagic fevers or encephalitis. ARB's dual interactions with membranes and aromatic amino acids in proteins may be central to its broad-spectrum antiviral activity[1]. Arbidol possesses micromolar-level anti-viral effects (EC50 values ranging from 10.57 ± 0.74 to 19.16 ± 0.29 µM) in Vero cells infected with Zika virus, West Nile virus, and tick-borne encephalitis virus, three medically important representatives of the arthropod-borne flaviviruses[2]. Arbidol/IFN - 2 b therapy can be used as an effective method to improve the COVID-19 pneumonia of mild patients, although it helpless with accelerating the virus clearanceXu P, Huang J, Fan Z, Huang W, Qi M, Lin X, Song W, Yi L. Arbidol/IFN-α2b therapy for patients with corona virus disease 2019: a retrospective multicenter cohort study. Microbes Infect. 2020 May-Jun;22(4-5):200-205. ARB protects against ZIKV(Zika virus)-induced cytopathic effects. ARB is most effective at suppressing ZIKV when added to cells prior to infection. Moreover, ARB inhibits pseudoviruses expressing the ZIKV Envelope glycoprotein[3]. Arbidol reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6 induced by fecal dilution[4].
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