Trimethylamine N-oxide dihydrate is an endogenous metabolite. Urine was the major route of excretion of radioactivity (95% dose in 0-24 h) following the oral, intravenous or intraperitoneal administration of [14C]-trimethylamine N-oxide dihydrate (1 mmol/kg body wt) to the adult male Wistar rat. A further 3-4% was voided in the urine during 24-72 h. Only fractional amounts were detected in the faeces, or were retained within tissues 3 days after administration. The only radioactive compounds identified in the urine were trimethylamine N-oxide and dimethylamine. Incubation of trimethylamine N-oxide with gut contents (especially colon and rectum) led to the formation of dimethylamine[1]. The restoration effects of TMAO (trimethylamine N-oxide dihydrate) and nitrate on LT (Heat-labile enterotoxin) secretion could be inhibited by amytal or ΔtorCAD and ΔnarG E. coli strains, indicating that LT secretion under anaerobic conditions was dependent on the integrity of the respiratory chain[2].
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