Animals in the Theobromine group demonstrate lower body weights compared to those in the vehicle group. Additionally, Theobromine reduces weight gain in both epididymal and perirenal adipose tissues. The average area of adipocytes is also smaller in the Theobromine group compared to the vehicle group^[1].

In terms of bacterial count per fecal weight, the Theobromine group shows lower figures compared to the reference (RF) and cocoa (CC) groups (p=0.021 and p=0.055 respectively). The Theobromine diet results in a higher fecal pH relative to the RF and CC diets, while the fecal concentrations of lactic acid remain unaffected by the experimental diets^[2].

At concentrations exceeding 25 μM, Theobromine diminishes lipid accumulation in cells without impacting cell viability. These higher concentrations of Theobromine also downregulate the protein expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and related adipogenic genes, with concurrent reductions in the mRNA levels of these genes^[1].