Glycyl-glutamine (Glycyl-L-glutamine), as a enzymatic cleavage product of β-endorphin, is apparently an endogenous antagonist of beta-endorphin(1-31) in several systems. Glycyl-glutamine (Glycyl-L-glutamine) (0.3, 0.6, 1.0 and 10.0 nM) can dose-dependently inhibit beta-End-(1-31)-induced hypotension in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. Gly-L-gln also attenuated the respiratory depressant effect of beta-End-(1-31), significantly inhibiting beta-End-(1-31)-induced hypoxia and hypercapnia[3]. Glycyl-glutamine (Glycyl-L-glutamine) is an activate and stable glutamine-containing neuropeptide over glutamine (Gln). Glycyl-glutamine (Glycyl-L-glutamine) has an advantage over free glutamine (Gln) as growth factors for cell culture during both autoclaving and storage[4]. Intracerebroventricular injection of NPY (235 pmol) generated a hyperphagic response in ad libitum chicks within 30 min. Co-administration of Gly-Gln(glycyl-l-glutamine) (100 nmol) attenuated this response, inducing a 30 % decrease. Endogenous Gly-Gln may contribute to regulate feeding behavior via the central melanocortin system in chicks and acts as a counter regulator of the neural activity in energy metabolism[5].
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