D-Cycloserine is a broad-spectrum antibiotic against Gram-negative bacteria working by inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis (D-Ala peptide bond formation). It is also a partial agonist at the glycine modulatory site of NMDA glutamatergic receptors.
D-cycloserine is an antibiotic which targets sequential bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzymes: alanine racemase and D-alanine:D-alanine ligase[3]. Furthermore, in an in vivo infection model with silkworms, combined treatment with vancomycin and D-cycloserine exhibited therapeutic effects, whereas treatment with each compound alone did not. These findings suggest that combined treatment with vancomycin and D-cycloserine could be therapeutically effective against infectious diseases caused by VRSA (vancomycin-highly resistant S. aureus)[4]. D-cycloserine is used to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Cyloserine killed 6.3 log10 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL extracellular bacilli over 28 days[5]. D-Cycloserine (CYC), a partial N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) agonist, has been shown to improve cognitive functions in humans. D-CYC alone did not modulate excitability. The potency of this drug to consolidate neuronal excitability enhancements, most probably by stabilizing the strengthening of NMDA receptors[6]. D-Cycloserine in low-dose therapy is safe, but there is still a need for new drugs with higher specificity to the different N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor subunits[7].
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