Clioquinol is an antiseptic drug and is effective against multidrug-resistant Candida. Clioquinol prevented more than 90 % of biofilm formation, which can be attributed to blockade of hyphal development. Clioquinol also reduced the metabolic activity of sessile Candida but the susceptibility was lower compared to planktonic cells (0.031 - 0.5 µg/ml required to inhibit 50 % planktonic cells and 4 - 16 µg/ml to inhibit 50% preformed biofilms)[3]. Clioquinol fully protected D. melanogaster from the infection. Effective concentration found in modelling indicated that clioquinol was highly effective against C. albicans (0.306 μg/mL) in easily achievable serum levels; clioquinol rapidly achieved kill rate reaching the maximum effect after 13 hours[4]. The antimicrobial strength of 3% clioquinol cream depended on the species but it can act on most of the species. It could inhibit the growth of most fungal species with different strength, but the antibacterial activity was weak. For Candida tropicalis, Candida guilliermondii, Aspergillus terreus, Fusarium solani and Trichoderma harzianum, the inhibition zone was biggest among all the tested drugs. The antifungal activity for Dermatophytes and Candida albicans was moderate[5].
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