There will be a HazMat fee per item when shipping a dangerous goods. The HazMat fee will be charged to your UPS/DHL/FedEx collect account or added to the invoice unless the package is shipped via Ground service. Ship by air in Excepted Quantity (each bottle), which is up to 1g/1mL for class 6.1 packing group I or II, and up to 25g/25ml for all other HazMat items.
Type
HazMat fee for 500 gram (Estimated)
Excepted Quantity
USD 0.00
Limited Quantity
USD 15-60
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), Domestic
USD 80+
Inaccessible (Haz class 6.1), International
USD 150+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), Domestic
USD 100+
Accessible (Haz class 3, 4, 5 or 8), International
Migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic inflammatory mediator that inhibits macrophage migration in innate and adaptive immunologic responses. 4-IPP is an irreversible MIF inhibitor that binds covalently to MIF to inhibit its activity. It inhibited the viability of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) with an IC50 value of 104.3µM at 72h. 4-IPP at 5-20µM suppressed the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts in a dose-dependent manner. 4-IPP treatment at a dose of 20µM also significantly downregulated the expression of genes involved in
BMM precursor fusion (i.e. DC-STAMP), osteoclast maturation (i.e. c-Fos and NFATc1), and bone resorption (i.e. TRAP and CTSK) in BMM-derived osteoclasts. Osteoclasts-treated with 20µM 4-IPP resorbed 3.73±1.24% of the bone discs, whereas the untreated cells resorbed >40% of the total bone area. Incubation of BMMs with 20µM 4-IPP inhibited RANKL-induced NF-κB activation, resulting in the suppression of NFATc1 induction. Treatment with 20µM 4-IPP for 5 days suppressed the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts in BMMs extracted from wild-type mice but not MIF knockout BMMs. Subcutaneous injection of 4-IPP at a dose of 1 or 5mg/kg every 2 days for 2 weeks reduced the extent of Ti particle-induced bone destruction in mice. Administration of 4-IPP at 1 or 5mg/kg also alleviated the bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency in a mouse model of ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis[1].
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