Tenuifoliside A是一种从远志提取的化合物，具有抗凋亡和抗抑郁作用。其通过ERK/CREB/BDNF信号通路促进细胞增殖，展示了在神经系统疾病研究中的潜力。

Glomeratose A是一种乳酸脱氢酶（ lactate dehydrogenase）抑制剂，源自 Polygala tenuifolia，可用于能量代谢和细胞存活机制的研究。

Sibiricose A5是从 Polygalae Radix 中分离出的寡糖酯，具有显著的抗氧化活性。它通过中和自由基，减轻氧化应激，保护细胞免受损伤。其生物活性使其在抗衰老、心血管保护及神经退行性疾病等领域展现潜在应用价值。

Tenuifoliside B是从 Polygalae Radix 中分离出来的一种化合物，能够抑制氰化钾 (KCN) 诱导的缺氧和东莨菪碱引起的记忆障碍，具有潜在的认知改善和脑保护作用，适用于阿尔茨海默症的研究。

Tenuifolin是从远志中提取的三萜类化合物，具有口服活性和神经保护作用。天茄草皂苷通过抑制 β-分泌酶减少 Aβ 蛋白分泌，抑制 Aβ25-35 诱导的凋亡以及 caspase-3 和 caspase-9 激活。

Tenuigenin is a natural product from Polygala tenuifolia used in Chinese medicine with antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects involving toxin induced cell models of Parkinson’s disease. Tenuigenin protects against S.aureus-induced pneumonia by inhibiting NF-κB activation.

Polygalacin D, a natural product isolated and purified from the roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd, can inhibit the expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced iNOS and COX-2 protein and mRNA without an appreciable cytotoxic effect on RAW 264.7 macrophages, suppress induction by LPS of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), exhibit significant inhibition on the proliferation of five kinds of cultured human tumor cell lines, i.

Euxanthone, a natural product isolated and purified from the roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd., induces neurite outgrowth which actively regulated by transcription factor E2F-5 via PKC pathway.