Amarogentin是一种从绵马酸和龙胆根中提取的塞科环烯醚糖苷，具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤和抗糖尿病活性，具肝保护和免疫调节作用，能通过激活 AMPK 促进细胞凋亡和 G2/M 细胞周期阻滞，并下调 PI3K/Akt/mTOR 信号通路，具有益血管代谢作用。

Roburic acid是一种从大根龙胆中提取的四环三萜类化合物，作为 COX 的抑制剂，分别对 COX-1 和 COX-2 的 IC50 值为 5 和 9 μM，用于研究其对抗 COX 活性的作用。

Loganic acid是从大叶龙胆根中分离和纯化的天然产物，能对超氧生成产生副作用。

1-Hydroxy-2,3,4,7-tetramethoxyxanthone is a natural product isolated and purified from the herbs of Frasera albicaulis, and can effectively inhibit the osteoclast differentiation in a co-culture system with mouse osteoblastic calvarial cells and bone marrow cells.

Bellidifolin, a natural product isolated and purified from Swertia punicea Hemsl., stimulates glucose uptake in rat 1 fibroblasts and ameliorates hyperglycemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

GGTP, containing two glucoses in position C-1, could suppress fMLP-induced superoxide generation and the phosphorylation of tyrosyl.