Aucubin is an iridoid glycoside with a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-algesic as well as anti-tumor activities.

Asperuloside is an iridoid monoterpenoid glycoside with anti-inflammatory properties.

Deoxyvasicinone, a natural product isolated and purified from the herbs of Galium aparine L., can be considered as promising lead molecules for the development of more potent inhibitors of NEDD8-activating enzyme.