Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the Plasmodium genus. Artemisinin, isolated from Artemisia annua L., became the second natural product for the treatment of malaria after quinine[3]. In cancer cell lines UMRC-2 and CAKI-2, artemisinin (1-100 μM; 24 hours) inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with IC50s of 31.30 ± 0.73 μM and 23.97 ± 0.92 μM. Moreover, artemisinin (25, 50 μM; 24 hours) suppressed the phosphorylation of AKT in those two cell lines in a dose-dependent manner[4]. In human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells, artemisinin induced a G1 cell cycle arrest and downregulated cyclin-dependent kinase-4 (CDK4) gene expression[5]. In vivo, artemisinin (20 mg/kg daily for two weeks) suppressed UMRC-2 xenograft tumor growth[4].
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