Chloramphenicol

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Chemical Structure| 56-75-7 同义名 : 氯霉素 ;Chloromycetin
CAS号 : 56-75-7
货号 : A414196
分子式 : C11H12Cl2N2O5
纯度 : 99%
分子量 : 323.129
MDL号 : MFCD00078159
存储条件：

Pure form Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,2-8°C

In solvent -20°C:3-6个月-80°C:12个月
溶解度 :

DMSO: 145 mg/mL(448.74 mM)，注意：DMSO长时间开封后，会吸水并导致溶解能力下降，请避免使用长期开封的DMSO

H2O: 3 mg/mL(9.28 mM)，配合低频超声助溶

无水乙醇: 100 mg/mL(309.47 mM)，配合低频超声助溶，注意：无水乙醇开封后，易挥发，也会吸收空气中的水分，导致溶解能力下降，请避免使用开封较久的乙醇
动物实验配方：
生物活性
描述 Chloramphenicol is a unique antibiotic. The kinetics and efficacy of the oral and intravenous preparations are comparable. Chloramphenicol is usually bacteriostatic but is bactericidal against Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis, and chloramphenicol's clinical efficacy against these meningeal pathogens is well established[3]. The common, dose-dependent, reversible bone marrow suppression from chloramphenicol is a consequence of mitochondrial injury. The greater erythroid susceptibility to chloramphenicol appears to be a function of the endogenous mitochondrial amino acid pools[4]. Depletion in compounds acting as cellular antioxidants, such as glutathione and vitamin E, may conceivably increase the vulnerability of an individual to chloramphenicol toxicity, while supplementation with an antioxidant might protect against it[5]. Three preparations of chloramphenicol are most commonly used in clinical practice: a crystalline powder for oral administration, a palmitate ester for oral administration as a suspension, and a succinate ester for parenteral administration. Both esters are inactive, requiring hydrolysis to chloramphenicol for anti-bacterial activity[6].
实验方案
1mg 5mg 10mg

1 mM

5 mM

10 mM

3.09mL

0.62mL

0.31mL

15.47mL

3.09mL

1.55mL

30.95mL

6.19mL

3.09mL
参考文献

[1]Li CH, Tzeng SL, et al. Chloramphenicol-induced mitochondrial stress increases p21 expression and prevents cell apoptosis through a p21-dependent pathway. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jul 15;280(28):26193-9.

[2]Jiang W, Jones P, et al. Chloramphenicol induces the transcription of the major cold shock gene of Escherichia coli, cspA. J Bacteriol. 1993 Sep;175(18):5824-8.

[3]Feder HM Jr. Chloramphenicol: what we have learned in the last decade. South Med J. 1986;79(9):1129–1134

[4]Yunis AA. Chloramphenicol toxicity: 25 years of research. Am J Med. 1989;87(3N):44N–48N

[5]Holt D, Harvey D, Hurley R. Chloramphenicol toxicity. Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev. 1993;12(2):83–95

[6]Ambrose PJ. Clinical pharmacokinetics of chloramphenicol and chloramphenicol succinate. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1984;9(3):222–238